When selecting natural wood flooring for your home or commercial space, a critical decision is choosing between engineered and solid hardwood flooring. Both options offer premium, natural wood with the same classic aesthetic and warmth but differ in structural composition and performance. This article will discuss the fundamental differences between engineered and solid hardwood flooring—including their applications, durability, upkeep, and environmental effects.
Construction and Composition
The primary difference between solid hardwood and engineered wood lies in their construction. Solid hardwood is made from a single piece of wood, typically about ¾ inch thick, and is milled from a single piece of timber. This straightforward construction makes solid hardwood flooring durable and allows it to be sanded and refinished multiple times over its lifespan.
In comparison, engineered wood consists of multiple layers. The top layer, known as the wear layer, is a thin layer of natural wood that varies in thickness. Beneath the wear layer, several plywood layers are stacked and bonded together in a cross-grain configuration. This layered construction enhances dimensional stability, making it less likely to warp and shrink than solid hardwood.
Applications
Solid wood flooring can be installed above-grade or on-grade but is not recommended for below-grade environments. This limitation is due to moisture, as solid wood is more susceptible to moisture. Below-grade spaces, such as basements, often have higher humidity levels and are prone to moisture infiltration from the surrounding soil. If the soil level along any perimeter wall is more than 3 inches above the installed flooring, the risk of moisture damage increases significantly. This makes solid wood flooring less stable and more vulnerable in such conditions.
On the other hand, engineered wood flooring is designed to be more dimensionally stable and moisture-resistant. This makes it suitable for installation above, on, or even below grade. The cross-laminated structure of engineered wood contributes to its resistance to moisture. The plywood or HDF layers are less susceptible to water damage than solid wood, which can swell or warp when exposed to moisture. Additionally, the adhesives used in engineered wood flooring are typically formulated to resist moisture, further enhancing the floor’s durability. This makes engineered wood a suitable option for areas where moisture is a concern, such as basements (below grade) or over concrete slabs.
Durability and Longevity
Solid hardwood and engineered wood each have their own strengths in durability and longevity. Solid hardwood is recognized for its long lifespan; with proper care, it can last for decades. As a solid piece of timber, it can be sanded and refinished multiple times, which is a significant advantage if the floor gets scratched or the owner wishes to change the finish.
Engineered wood, while also durable, has a different set of strengths. Its multi-layered construction provides greater resistance to temperature and humidity changes, reducing the risk of warping or cupping. This stability makes engineered wood an excellent choice for environments where solid hardwood might struggle, such as in rooms with fluctuating humidity levels or below-grade installations.
Maintenance and Care
Both engineered and solid hardwood floors require regular upkeep to stay in top condition. This includes regular sweeping or vacuuming to remove dirt and debris that can scratch the surface and occasional damp mopping with a cleaner designed for wood floors.
Solid hardwood floors may require more maintenance, mainly if installed in high-traffic areas. The ability to sand and refinish solid wood multiple times offers the opportunity to restore the floor’s original beauty after years of wear and tear.
Engineered wood, while generally easier to maintain due to its resistance to environmental changes, may need to be replaced sooner if the wear layer is damaged. However, higher-quality engineered wood with a thicker veneer can be refinished, extending its lifespan significantly.
Environmental Impact
Both engineered and solid hardwood have their pros and cons in terms of environmental impact. Solid hardwood, especially from responsibly managed forests, can be a sustainable choice due to its natural, renewable material. However, producing solid wood flooring consumes more of the tree, which can lead to higher wastage. Engineered wood is designed to maximize the use of each tree, as the veneer is much thinner than a solid wood plank. This efficient use of resources makes engineered wood a more sustainable option in many cases. Additionally, many engineered wood products are now available with eco-friendly finishes and adhesives that reduce the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), making them a healthier choice for indoor air quality.
Making the Right Choice
Choosing between engineered and solid hardwood flooring ultimately comes down to understanding your space’s specific needs and weighing each option’s benefits and drawbacks. Solid hardwood offers timeless appeal, longevity, and the ability to be refinished multiple times, making it an excellent investment for the long-term. Engineered wood, with its enhanced stability, is ideal for environments where solid wood might not perform well.
By considering factors such as application requirements, environmental conditions, and maintenance preferences, you can select the flooring option that best suits your lifestyle and design goals. Whether you opt for the classic charm of solid hardwood or the modern versatility of engineered wood, both options offer beauty and value that can enhance the warmth and character of any space.
reSAWN’s Solid & Engineered Wood Flooring
reSAWN TIMBER co. provides new and reclaimed wood products for architectural specifications for flooring. Our carefully curated offering includes modern finishes on reclaimed wood and newly harvested wood species. We provide only the highest quality materials milled to our exacting standards and finished in a way that enhances the natural beauty of the wood. Our extensive offering includes solid and engineered construction, wide plank flooring, and FSC®-Certified woods.
Our solid wood flooring is available in North American Black Walnut, North American White Oak, and reclaimed woods varieties. Our engineered wood flooring offers a slightly broader selection, including North American Black Walnut, North American White Oak, European White Oak, and reclaimed woods options.
reSAWN’s North American Black Walnut features wide plank flooring that is prefinished and available in solid & engineered construction. All designs are available as FSC® upon request.
The North American White Oak flooring from reSAWN features wide plank wood flooring that is charred or prefinished, and available in solid & engineered construction. Our North American White Oak products are made using sustainably harvested domestic woods such as Rift & Quarter Sawn White Oak. All designs are available as FSC® upon request.
The European White Oak products from reSAWN feature wide plank flooring that is prefinished and available in engineered construction. The engineered material comes standard at 5/8” thick with a substantial 4 mm wear layer, or 3/4” thick with a full 5mm or 6 mm wear layer for a truly superior product. The 7” face width showcases the full character and grain pattern that European White Oak offers. Select products can be specified in both Herringbone and Chevron styles. All designs are available as FSC® upon request.
reSAWN offers antique reclaimed woods in solid & engineered construction for flooring. The unique beauty of antique wood is preserved & celebrated in this collection.
We specialize in meeting the needs of architects, designers, and contractors and providing superior service and product guidance in developing your specifications. Get in touch with us for your next project.
