For centuries wood has been a popular and traditional material for various applications and its timeless appeal continues to endure in modern times. Its versatility, sustainability, and aesthetic qualities make it a preferred choice for a wide range of building uses, from commercial to residential applications.
As the popularity of wood continues to grow in the construction and design industry, manufacturers are actively developing new technologies to expand the product offerings. This effort caters to the increasing demand and aims to elevate the performance and sustainability of wood in construction and design applications. Among these methods, thermal modification stands out as a process that transforms wood into a material with improved durability, stability, and aesthetic qualities. This article delves into the various aspects of thermally modified wood, exploring the process and the remarkable benefits it brings.
Thermal modification is an eco-friendly process that involves altering wood using heat energy, omitting the use of additional chemicals. The heart of the process lies in the thermal modification itself. Wood undergoes controlled heating in an oxygen-deprived environment, while gradually raising the heat to the desired temperature. Precise control is exercised to ensure uniform heating throughout the material. This process induces structural changes within the wood, enhancing its properties without risking combustion.
The wood is maintained at an elevated temperature for a specified duration, allowing the thermal modification to permeate its cellular structure. This cooking phase is pivotal for achieving the desired physical and chemical transformations. The controlled application of elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen leads to several changes in the cellular components of wood, including hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin—which are three major components that contribute to the overall mechanical properties of wood.
Hemicellulose Decomposition Hemicellulose, a polymer comprised of sugars found in timber, constitutes a significant portion of wood, accounting for 20-35% of its dry weight. It plays a crucial role in moisture absorption and facilitates cross-linking among cellular components. During thermal modification, hemicellulose undergoes decomposition, leading to a decrease in its content. This process releases water vapor and other volatile compounds from the timber. The reduced hemicellulose content decreases the timber’s capacity to absorb and release moisture, thereby improving its overall stability.
Cellulose Crystallinity Cellulose, a fibrous structure serving as the primary constituent of wood fiber, plays a pivotal role in enhancing the strength and rigidity of wood. The crystalline regions of cellulose are well-organized and tightly packed. The degree of cellulose crystallinity in wood influences the wood’s physical properties, such as strength and stiffness. The heat treatment causes the cellulose chains to become more ordered and crystalline, increasing its stiffness. This alteration contributes to improved dimensional stability and reduced susceptibility to swelling and shrinking when exposed to changes in moisture levels.
Lignin Modification Lignin is a complex polymer that holds cellulose fibers together. It acts as a binding substance and provides structural support and rigidity to wood. At higher temperatures during thermal modification, lignin depolymerizes and breaks down into smaller fragments. The heat energy then redistributes and recondenses these broken lignin fragments. The reorganization of these fragments can contribute to an increase in lignin content, resulting in altered characteristics such as improved dimensional stability.
Lignin is the primary contributor to the natural brown color of wood. Various wood processing methods can modify or eliminate lignin content, thereby influencing the wood’s color. Thermal modification tends to contribute to the enhanced coloration of the wood, often resulting in a darker and more uniform appearance.
Cooling Phase Following the thermal modification, a carefully managed cooling phase follows to prevent abrupt temperature changes that could compromise the integrity of the modified wood. By managing the cooling phase correctly, the risk of structural damage to the wood is minimized. Slow cooling helps prevent surface irregularities, such as warping or cupping, which might occur if the wood experiences sudden temperature fluctuations.
In summary, thermal modification process changes the cellular characteristics and interaction among hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. These alterations enhance the mechanical properties of the wood, resulting in improved dimensional stability, reduced susceptibility to moisture absorption, and increased resistance to decay.
Thermally Modified Wood Cladding Thermally modified wood has gained significant attention in recent years as an excellent option for wood cladding. The result is a material with enhanced durability, stability, and resistance to decay, making it particularly well-suited for exterior applications.
SylvaTM and Abodo® are two examples of wood species that undergo thermal modification to enhance their performance as cladding materials.
Sylva is created from North American Red Oak, known for its attractive grain patterns and warm, reddish-brown hues. When thermally modified, it not only retains these aesthetic qualities but also gains increased resistance to decay, insects, and other environmental factors. This makes it an excellent choice for exterior cladding, where it can provide both visual appeal and long-term durability.
Abodo Vulcan thermally modified wood cladding is created from New Zealand plantation timber. The thermal modification process gives Vulcan cladding superior stability and reduced resin content. It’s naturally durable so the timber doesn’t require any chemical preservatives, and has a beautiful, consistent brown tone.
The versatility of thermally modified wood and its eco-friendly attributes establish it as a compelling choice for building materials across various applications, spanning from interior to exterior and encompassing both residential and commercial settings. As the building industry seeks sustainable and high-performance materials, the journey into the world of thermally modified wood opens doors to innovation and a more resilient future for wood-based products.
Contact us to find out how you can integrate Thermally Modified products into your upcoming project.
Global industries are facing pressure to restructure and adopt sustainable practices in response to widespread concerns about climate change. Specifically, the construction sector is encouraged to reevaluate every aspect of designing and constructing commercial projects, given their substantial consumption of energy and materials. Green building certifications are the modern-day blueprint for creating efficient, adaptable, and eco-friendly buildings. They demonstrate a proactive commitment to sustainability.
What are Green Building Certifications?
Green building certifications are rating tools that evaluate and acknowledge building structures that meet specific sustainability criteria or standards. By establishing benchmarks, green building certificates make it easier for governments to integrate green building principles into building codes and regulations, ultimately promoting greener and more sustainable construction practices. These certifications recognize and incentivize companies and organizations involved in constructing and operating environmentally friendly buildings. The incentives include tax credits, grants, loans, and fee waivers. Although different programs have varying levels of standards, they all focus on building a healthier, more sustainable future in commercial buildings.
Different certifications have distinct requirements. Some emphasize the use of energy-efficient, natural building materials with a low carbon footprint, ensuring a safe product lifecycle. Meanwhile, some certifications focus on performance criteria. Understanding certification requirements is essential for guiding projects toward the desired sustainability goal.
Below are several commonly observed green building certifications:
Total Resource Use and Efficiency (TRUE): Spaces that earn TRUE certification demonstrate a commitment to environmental responsibility, heightened resource efficiency, and the conversion of waste into savings and additional income streams. Through a closed-loop approach, these spaces mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, manage risks, diminish litter and pollution, reinvest resources locally, generate employment opportunities, and contribute enhanced value to both their company and community.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is the most widely used green building certification system in the world. Utilizing responsibly sourced materials and resources is a major contributor to achieving the certification. LEED-certified buildings save money, improve efficiency, lower carbon emissions, and create healthier spaces for people.
The Living Building Challenge is an ambitious and comprehensive green building certification program and sustainable design framework developed by the International Living Future Institute (ILFI). It goes beyond traditional sustainability standards by creating buildings that are not just environmentally friendly, but also guarantee the preservation of resources for the well-being of future generations.
WELL Building Standard is a performance-based system for measuring, certifying, and monitoring features of the built environment that impact human health and well-being. Unlike traditional green building certifications that primarily focus on environmental sustainability, WELL places a strong emphasis on health and wellness through air, water, nourishment, light, fitness, comfort, and mind.
These certificates are designed to promote sustainable and environmentally friendly practices in the construction and operation of buildings. Each has its own set of criteria and standards that buildings must meet to obtain certification.
Utilizing Natural Resources for Green Building Certified Projects
Wood emerges as a resilient and reliable option for projects aiming to attain green building certifications. Architects and designers frequently give preference to Forest Stewardship Council (FSC®) Certified wood products, as they guarantee the ethical sourcing of building materials. The incorporation of FSC®-Certified products in commercial projects enhances transparency and traceability in the construction process.
reSAWN TIMBER co.’s Specification Consultants are trained to collaborate closely with architects and designers to fulfill the criteria and standards of green building certifications. Whether it involves wood flooring, exterior, or interior cladding, our products are designed to provide sustainable solutions for new and existing commercial buildings. Connect with our Specification Consultants for your next project!
Dartmouth College expanded and renovated its Hood Museum of Art, incorporating additional galleries and learning spaces to offer an immersive experience for both visitors and students. The FSC®-Certified European White Oak flooring displays inviting tones, establishing a connection between the exhibits and the natural world.
Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College feat. CUSTOM European White Oak
The U.S. Green Building Council in Washington D.C. downsized and renovated their headquarters to create a hybrid and healthy work environment for their employees. The office achieved a triple platinum certification in LEED, TRUE, and WELL by integrating biophilic features such as natural FSC®-Certified North American White Oak flooring, living plant walls, and strategically utilizing natural lighting.
USGBC Headquarters feat. CUSTOM North American White Oak
The 27th floor of the Comcast Technology Center in Philadelphia, PA, features a loft-style design in its headquarters, providing staff with flexibility in their workspace and work styles. Upon entering the office, occupants and visitors are warmly welcomed by reclaimed oak interior cladding, fostering a sense of inclusiveness and collaboration.
Two Rivers Middle School is a network of high-performing public charter schools in Washington D.C. that offers hands-on, project-based learning that fosters curiosity, character, and meaningful engagement among students. As students step into the school, the European White Oak wall and ceiling cladding creates an inviting and supportive ambiance, setting the tone for a positive learning environment.
Two Rivers Middle School feat. AMITY European White Oak
455 Massachusetts is a 12th-floor Class A commercial office building located in Washington D.C. The European White Oak flooring offers a refreshing touch to the modern commercial design.
455 Massachusetts Ave feat. AMITY European White Oak
reSAWN TIMBER co. offers accessible and reliable FSC®-Certified wood products, providing architects and builders with a sustainable choice. Check out reSAWN TIMBER co.’s Sylva™ FSC®-Certified Thermally Modified Red Oak products as a sustainable building solution.
Wildfires have become a common topic and focus worldwide as they are becoming more frequent, intense, and challenging to contain. The rapid spread of wildfire into inhabited areas could cause devastating losses of life and health, as well as financial and property damages.
The Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) is a critical area where human development meets the natural, undeveloped landscape. The population is rapidly growing in the U.S., and more and more people and families are choosing to live in the outskirts, suburbs, and rural expanses. Housing development follows the population and grows into wildlands. As communities expand, the interface between wildlands and urban areas becomes increasingly prominent—a high-risk area when wildfires occur.
The Wildland Urban Interface is not static as it is constantly growing. The WUI zone varies across regions depending on climate, topography, vegetation, and land use. WUIs typically include suburban neighborhoods, recreational areas such as golf courses, and communities near natural landscapes. These locations are where wildfires have the most significant impacts on human lives. The latest information on WUI areas can be found on the official website of the local fire department.
Vegetation, topography, and human activities are three major factors of wildfire spread in the WUI areas. The lush greenery enhances the aesthetic appeal of residence placements. Its combination with natural topography, such as steep slopes, canyons, and ravines, provides mental solace for residents. However, when wildfires occur, the vegetation becomes fuel for wildfires, and the layout of the land can affect how quickly flames advance, adding complexity to managing and mitigating fire risks.
In addition to natural wildfires, human activities could pose fire risks in these interface zones. Recreational outdoor activities, agriculture, and urban development increase the likelihood of human-induced wildfires. Human activities elevate the probability of initiating fires and add challenges to emergency response and evacuation. Rapid urbanization and sprawling developments create numerous access points for fires, making it challenging for firefighting crews to swiftly contain blazes. Evacuating residents during a wildfire becomes a logistical puzzle, requiring meticulous planning and coordination among emergency services.
Mitigating and preparing for wildfires, particularly in wildland-urban interfaces, are critical concerns for the public and federal, state, and local governments. These efforts are essential to safeguard communities from potential losses and damages. Common fire mitigation strategies involve community planning, comprehensive fire and life safety regulations, and stringent building standards. Educating and preparing the local communities about the devastating effects of wildfires can help reduce human-ignited fires and improve emergency responses. Creating ample defensible space between structures by reducing vegetation helps decrease the speed of fire spread. Additionally, choosing WUI-compliant building materials during new and remodel construction can mitigate the impact of wildfires and minimize the risk of ignition.
Living on the edge of wildlands comes with the allure of natural beauty and the challenges of managing the inherent risks. The Wildland Urban Interface demands a proactive and collaborative approach to safeguard communities against the threat of wildfires. Through careful planning, education, and investment in firefighting resources, residents and policymakers can work together to create resilient communities that coexist with nature while minimizing the impact of potential disasters. As we continue to expand our urban footprint, understanding and addressing the complexities of the Wildland Urban Interface will be crucial for building a safer and more sustainable future.
In an unprecedented reversal of American history, the demographic landscape of the United States is undergoing a transformative shift. A growing number of Americans are choosing to relocate from major cities and metropolitan hubs to the outskirts, suburbs, and rural expanses, propelled by a multitude of factors. As individuals settle in and around diverse ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, and shrub lands—also known as wildland-urban interface (WUI) zone—ramifications of this population shift become more pronounced.
This migration trend unfolds against an increasingly pressing concern—climate change-induced wildfires across North America. The intricate interplay between human habitation and natural landscapes amplifies the challenges associated with wildfires. With rising temperatures and prolonged droughts heightening the risk of wildfires, a significant emphasis is placed on enhancing safety measures and protections in the WUI zone.
Introduction of Wildland Urban Interface Construction Codes
Over the years, with the escalating threat of wildfires, there has been a growing development of building codes tailored specifically for areas prone to wildfires.
The Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) provisions are typically integrated into state or local building codes. California is known for introducing its own set of WUI zone construction requirements within the California Building Code (CBC) in 2008. CBC regulations mandate that building products intended for use in the WUI zone or State Responsibility Area (SRA) must adhere to specific directives. The WUI construction code primarily aims to enforce heightened standards for fire resistance and ignition resistance in the built environment.
A home or building designed and constructed with meticulous attention to detail and the use of compliant building materials significantly enhances its chances of withstanding a wildfire. There are two common ways to identify optimal building products for properties located in wildfire-prone areas: opting for WUI-Compliant building products or selecting products listed under CAL FIRE Building Materials Listing Program.
WUI-Compliant Building Products
WUI-compliant products generally refer to products and materials that meet specific standards and regulations outlined for the Wildland-Urban Interface zones.
According to California Building Code (CBC), the minimum requirement for building envelope components, such as siding/cladding is that an exterior wall covering or wall assembly, shall comply with one of the following requirements:
Wall assemblies that have been tested in accordance with the test procedures for a 10-minute direct flame contact exposure test set forth in ASTM E2707 with the conditions of acceptance shown in Section 707A.3.1
Wall assemblies that meet the performance criteria in accordance with the test procedures for a 10-minute direct flame contact exposure test set forth in SFM Standard 12-7A-1.
CAL FIRE Building Materials Listing Program
CAL FIRE is a California state agency responsible for safeguarding natural resources within areas designated by the State Board of Forestry as State Responsibility Areas (SRA). In alignment with this mission, the Office of State Fire Marshal (OSFM) introduced the Building Materials Listing (BML) Program. This program serves as a comprehensive initiative aimed at evaluating and certifying a diverse array of building materials. Product manufacturers are required to pass rigorous testing conducted through laboratories accredited by the State Fire Marshal (SFM), ensuring their building materials meet stringent standards for the WUI zone.
The BML Program provide authorities, architects, engineers, contractors, and the fire services with a reliable and readily available source of information when they do not have a staff or subject matter expert to assess the building material quality.
There is a common belief that wood, being perceived as combustible and flammable, is not considered a safe material in proximity to fire. As a result, wood is often not the first come to mind when selecting building materials for building structures in wildfire-prone areas. As technology advances, reSAWN TIMBER co. addresses this challenge by innovatively modifying wood structures. The thermally modified wood offerings, Abodo and Sylva, can be more resistant to fire than untreated wood. The thermal treatment alters the chemical composition of the wood, leading to a decrease in the content of flammable substances within the material, while preserving the original aesthetic of wood.
As demographic trends evolve and more individuals relocate to wildland-urban interface (WUI) zones, architects, builders, and homeowners must stay well-informed about the escalating wildfire risk. This necessitates diligent research, selecting building materials by code requirements, and preserving aesthetic appeal throughout the construction process. Contact us to learn about what product works best for your project.
In this video, Scott Stevens from reSAWN TIMBER co. walks us through the Six Square House in Bridgehampton, NY. This 3,500 sq.ft. residence, featuring two bedrooms and three bathrooms, presents a modern interpretation of the area’s conventional barn designs. The home is made of six 24’ x 24’ modules that all feature gabled geometry and a complex-looking roof design that’s shaped like an inverted V. Additionally, this layout capitalizes the surrounding landscape, with each module offering a unique view of the lush property.
Young Projects specified reSAWN TIMBER co.’s IKIGAI FSC®-Certified Accoya wood for the exterior cladding and roofing. The design incorporates an open joint rainscreen to promote ventilation and includes a waterfall edge for effective water drainage. In its entirety, the Six Square House explores gabled geometry, achieving a balanced fusion of symmetry and asymmetry.
Returning to the residence three years later, the exceptional endurance and visual appeal of the IKIGAI cladding made a lasting impression, showcasing its minimal need for maintenance or cleaning.
Accoya® Wood: The Beauty of Wood, Without the Maintenance
reSAWN TIMBER co. is honored and proud to have our IKIGAI Shou Sugi Ban product featured on the exterior of the beautiful Six Square House. The high-performing product aged gracefully after three years of installation and will continue to do so due to Accoya® wood’s extreme durability. We appreciate Young Projects for specifying our product for this project and look forward to continuing our partnership in the future.
IKIGAI – FSC®-Certified, Shou Sugi Ban Accoya® wood can be used for interior or exterior wall cladding. IKIGAI is finished with a dark gray topcoat designed to protect the wall cladding as it naturally weathers over time. reSAWN’s award-winning charring technique adds depth and dimension to Accoya’s natural grain pattern.
Architects and designers can request complimentary Accoya samples to assist in your project decisions.
Hey guys, Scott Stevens here with reSAWN TIMBER co. We’re here in Bridgehampton, NY, looking at the Six Square House designed by Young Projects. This home is 3,500 sq.ft. and sits on about two acres of land. Construction was finished in 2020, and we’re visiting three years later to observe how the wood siding and wood roof cladding have performed and weathered over time.
This project utilizes our IKIGAI product, which is produced on Accoya®. Accoya is an exceptionally high-performing modified wood, backed by a 50-year warranty against rot and decay when used above ground (25 years in ground or freshwater). It also offers remarkable dimensional stability, making it a low-maintenance material for your home and this specific finish. IKIGAI is designed to naturally and consistently weather over time.
For this particular application, the architect designed a two and half inch slat in your more traditional open joint rainscreen. What this rainscreen does is that it separates the siding from the sheathing to promote 360 airflow and rear water drainage. The benefit of that is to allow for the wood to fully breathe and dry out. Which adds to the longevity of the material.
Another interesting detail is that they panelized the installation so they were able to blind fasten from behind and hang the panels on the building to ensure a secure fastening so the wood isn’t moving or going anywhere. If you take a closer look at the wood roof cladding down to the siding, there’s a really nice waterfall edge that allows for actual water to sheath down, but also just a really clean detail well executed by the installer as well to keep those crisp, clean lines that the architect intended.
After three years of weathering, it’s evident that IKIGAI is evolving and weathering as it’s intended to do. Lightening up and fading over time to that really quintessential coastal gray color. Due to Accoya’s modification process, there’s no need to reapply the finish. Although, it is always good to do so. Freshen it up and you can get back to that original day one color over time.
We want to shout out Young Projects for not only specifying our material, but designing such a beautiful project that showcases it along with all the other materials on the project.
If you’re very interested in receiving samples of IKIGAI or any of reSAWN’s other product offerings, feel free to reach out and we’ll connect you with the Specification Consultant in your area to help you select the right product for your project.
Local Project – Architect Designs a Breathtaking Home Connected to Nature
The Local Project offers an in-depth look at the Six Square House, where architect Bryan Young, delves into the project’s initial vision and how it came to life. As a meticulously crafted residence, it serves as a prime example of how an architect achieves a breathtaking home through thoughtful design and execution.
Architecture Hunters – Six Square House: Bridging the Private and Public.
In the interview with Architect Hunter, Architect Bryan Young delves into the intricacies of the Six Square House, examining its adaptable and interconnected spaces. Bryan underscores the significance of wood elements in facilitating both visual and tactile transitions between different areas. The house sparks a broader architectural discourse on evolving dynamics in urban environments, thereby paving the way for innovative architectural explorations.
In this video and article, John Marley from Spire Builders takes us on a tour of the construction process of the Lake Shore Drive Project, an 18,000 sq.ft. home in Delaware County, PA. The Feng-Shui designed home features a sauna, indoor pool, outdoor pool, tennis court, and multiple outdoor spaces for family-gathering.
This modern home features over 3,900 sq. ft. of reSAWN TIMBER co.’s NIGIRI Charred Accoya® exterior cladding. The exterior ceiling cladding displays reSAWN’s LEWIS Western Hemlock. The custom home introduced unique challenges and innovative structures that make this project one of a kind. The home features 40 tons of commercial steel beams to support the main entrance of the home. The framing of the house is supported by a Knightwall system that holds the cladding, the hidden gutters, and the intricate window structures.
Revisiting the residence after three years, the remarkable weathering performance of the NIGIRI cladding leaves an indelible impression of durability and beauty while requiring little to no maintenance or cleaning.
Accoya® Wood: The Beauty of Wood, Without the Maintenance
reSAWN TIMBER co. is honored and proud to have our NIGIRI Shou Sugi Ban product featured on the exterior of the beautiful Lake Shore Drive Project. The high-performing product aged gracefully after three years of installation and will continue to do so due to Accoya® wood’s extreme durability. We appreciate Spire Builders for specifying our product for this project and look forward to continuing our partnership in the future.
NIGIRI – FSC-Certified, Shou Sugi Ban Accoya® wood can be used for interior or exterior wall cladding. NIGIRI is finished with a grey topcoat designed to protect the wall cladding as it naturally weathers over time. reSAWN’s award-winning charring technique adds depth and dimension to Accoya’s natural grain pattern.
Architects and designers can request complimentary Accoya samples to assist in your project decisions.
Hey, I’m John Marley from Spire Builders. I’m here to give you a tour of one of our custom home projects in Delaware County, PA.
This is a large, modern house with about 18,000 sq.ft. of residential space. It’s built with a commercial-grade steel structure, which weighs about 40 tons. The steel structure is a major component of the house, as you can see in the catwalk area. It was important to get the foundation and steel structure as precise as possible, so we used shop drawings to plan everything out in advance.
Once the steel structure was in place, the framers took over. With modern houses, you have to think about every single detail from the framing stage all the way down to the finishing stage, because it could affect things later on.
This house has a lot of challenges that actually make it really unique. For example, we’re building some of the components out of order. We’re installing some of the drywall before we finish other installations. Then, once the drywall is in place, we’re starting on the flooring and trim. This is a bit of a backward way to build, but it’s necessary for this particular house.
All projects start with good drawings and the architect for this project had a very detailed set. We worked out a lot of the details in the mock-up process, but the architect was able to start specifying where he wanted the start corner and other things like that.
We have incorporated a unique and interesting design feature for the window structure. We have cross-section views that provide a detailed look at the construction. In these views, you can see the siding, concealed gutter system, and the Knight Wall system, which plays a vital role in supporting and securing all the elements of the window structure.
Even better, the cross-section views show that the stone and the siding are all in the same plane. This is because the Knight Wall system impacts everything.
We are working with the TBD architects in New York City. You (reSAWN TIMBER co.) introduced them to some of your materials. We narrowed down our choices to the NIGIRI Accoya® Shou Sugi Ban product which presents a dark grey tone and will keep that consistent color throughout its lifetime.
Accoya® wood is a radiata pine that is chemically modified. It is a modified timber in which a process is called acetylation, a cutting-edge patented technology that enables it to resist rot and stays strong for decades. It has a 50-year rot warranty above grade and a 25-year rot warranty at or below grade.
Accoya wood accetylation process
That was a major deciding factor for the client. The client wanted a material that was both low-maintenance and long-lasting. They wanted something that would not require a lot of upkeep, but that would also age and weather gracefully.
The NIGIRI cladding material used is a 1 x 4 board, measuring three and one-half inches in width and three-quarters of an inch in thickness. It features an open-joint design with square corners.
The window jambs run all the way out to the face of the siding material. They are finished on three sides, with the back sides pre-sealed. That extends all the way out to the face, so that way everything is flush.
The window sill has a separate profile that looks very similar. It has a slight pitch and even has a routed groove on the bottom to drain water and moisture away from the sill instead of letting it run back around to the other side of the sill.
We also included an open joint that continues all the way around the window units and in between all the siding.
During the mid-construction phase, you can see where the Knight Wall and window trim have been installed. This process starts at the framing stage, where we used a variety of products, including Green Zip and Benjamin Updike InvisiWrap.
Green Zip is typically used for roof applications, but it can also be used as an exterior weather barrier. However, because the open joint siding cannot rely on this as its facade, we use InvisiWrap, a black wrap that can withstand open joint cladding. InvisiWrap has a 365-day exposure rating and can handle up to two-inch open joint gaps, which is perfectly in line with their warranty. The backside of this product is like a diaper in that it allows moisture to pass through it, but not through the face of it. This means that it acts as an extra raincoat, keeping moisture out while still allowing it to escape.
The next component of this project was the Knight Wall system. I specified this system because I had concerns about the architect’s original plan to use a wood frame structure that would be painted black to hide everything. I was worried about water and rot causing the substructure to fall apart before the siding, which would void the 50-year warranty.
I was able to find a commercial system that is typically used for exterior insulation. This system uses wall clips and long screws to attach the siding system to the frame, which raises the siding off the wall by six inches. This is done for a few reasons, but it is primarily used for exterior insulation.
The rails that we use can be coated with black paint, so we made sure to get them with that coating. This ensures that the silver siding will be visible, and it even has a soft coating to protect projects in coastal environments.
The architect wanted a deeper window jamb, which is why the Knight Wall system was used. This system creates a more visually appealing exterior, and it also allows for a hidden gutter detail and a flush installation with the stonework. The Knight Wall system also helps hide structural components, which makes for a more seamless and aesthetically pleasing finish. It is really unique and it worked out really well for this project.
With the open joint design, a significant amount of flashing is required. Traditionally, regular head flashing is used, but for this project, we opted for a zinc-coated copper flashing instead of the traditional lead-coated copper. We employed a double-head flashing profile, which effectively directs water and any debris away from the house.
To ensure a watertight envelope penetration system, we utilized Quick Flash Units. There are various penetrations, such as outlets, hose bibs, electrical boxes, and even camera wires. The open joint system demands thorough attention to detail; nothing can be overlooked.
The siding material is pre-finished on all sides, but all cuts must be glued and sealed. We use a PPG stain that reSAWN TIMBER recommended, and we apply it with little roller applicators. The cuts are not visible here because they are all butt jointed. However, even butt joints need to be pre-sealed to prevent any issues. I actually tested not sealing the cuts, and it didn’t affect the finish at all. However, we sealed every cut to be on the safe side.
The hidden gutter design was originally introduced to the architect, who drafted the siding and spaced out the gutter detail. It was up to us to make it a reality. The Knight Wall system actually came after the fact, because they had originally drawn a wood framing system that would actually hold the siding. This would have to be black, and there were concerns that it would rot out. We were even going to have to notch out some of the pipes to get them back into the structure. By using the Knight Wall system, we were able to hide a lot of those pipes behind the structure.
Behind this siding piece is the hidden gutter. There is a drop point, and the pipe runs behind the siding system and stubs out to a drain point. We would not be able to do this with a normal system. It is pretty cool that we are able to run the piping behind the rails and hide everything.
The siding material alone is very custom, but one thing that was even more custom was the window jambs. We had everything drawn up and signed off on, and I was even able to provide a profile for the sill. They were able to completely custom-make all of the profiles for us, which was awesome. We would not have been able to achieve the same look without having everything pre-finished to that profile.
We also had very custom exterior doors made at a later date. We milled the raw material to our specifications and then sent it back to reSAWN TIMBER to be finished. This ensured that the doors would match the siding exactly.
The window jamb material had to be specified exactly. The siding system is six inches, and we know that the flanges tend to feather things out a little bit. So I specified the jamb material at five and three-quarters of an inch. This gave us a little bit of flexibility.
So far, we haven’t had to rip any jamb material down. We did order a few extra wide siding boards. In tight little areas, we had to rip it a little bit on site. The edge was then pre-sealed. In certain areas, we might need three and three-quarters or close to four inches. Having those wider boards will actually help resolve those issues.
There are a few different corner details that were done for this project. The architect wanted a simple lap joint, but each corner is being handled a little bit differently.
We measure from ten feet away to ensure that the board lap looks consistent from all angles. For example, we might have to face a board lap forwards or place it on its side, depending on the view. We had to consider the porch area, for instance. They will want to see more of a full board on that side, as opposed to this side, where you can’t see it from here unless you’re 30 feet down below. Even though it’s a simple corner detail, every single corner on the house is thoroughly thought out.
This house has a mixture of cedar and flat roofs structure. The cladding is able to touch grade, but we left a small reveal of about a quarter of an inch along the E-vent’s.
On the side of the house, we’re able to have a drip cap with the gable window. This will allow the siding to tuck up and hide, and be protected.
In areas where we have a flat roof, we’re able to run the siding down. Our deck system ended up butting into that structure and hiding the edge of those boards.
With a 50-year rot warranty, the cladding can touch grade even if it is touching the roof structure. Some materials, like fiber cement siding, require an inch and a half to two inches of exposure to prevent moisture from breaking down the material. However, this material does not require that.
With the 4 x 1 boards, we were able to use a fastener every 24 inches because that is a specification for the Knight Wall. A system like this would typically hold 22 pounds per square foot, and the rails would be spaced 12 inches apart. This is similar to what is required for a stone veneer. However, this system worked better for this project.
We are using a single fine-trim stainless, self-tapping screw for the metal rail system. Even though it is a self-tapper, we are still pre-drilling to prevent the boards from pushing out.
We considered using a Simpson stainless self-drilling trim screw that matches the siding, but the architect was concerned that it would stand out over time. Stainless steel is tried and true, and it looks the same pretty much all year and it has a high resistance to rust.
We use two different sizes of screws for the jambs and the siding. The shorter screw is one inch and a quarter long, and the longer screw is two and a half inches long. The jamb material is one and a half inches thick, and the siding material is three-quarters of an inch thick.
The project started with a mockup. I built the mockup for a couple of reasons. First, I wanted the client to make an informed decision about the products we would use based on their performance and appearance. Second, I wanted to create an instruction booklet for the installation. I took step-by-step pictures of the installation and put them together in a bid packet. This way, all of the subs who were bidding on the project would have the same information. It also helped me to select the right contractor. Some subs turned down the project because it was too much or too involved.
The mockup included reSAWN TIMBER co.’s WABI SABI and NIGIRI exterior siding. We also tried out 1 x 6 and 1 x 4 boards. The client ultimately went with the 1 x 4 boards. The mockup also allowed us to see two different types of stone and the hidden gutter detail.
The mockup has been up for over a year and NIGIRI looks almost exactly the same as it did on day one. The WABI SABI cladding has faded out a bit, which is how it naturally weathers. However, the client preferred the darker tone of NIGIRI and how it stays consistent over time.
The stainless steel fasteners will eventually match the color of the siding, as the siding darkens over time. We used two screws per board in some areas, but with Accoya’s specifications, we can actually use one screw per board. This material has very little expansion or contraction.
The siding was installed with a three-sixteenths of an inch open joint, and remarkably, there has been no movement whatsoever. This speaks to the impressive stability of the material. Even the boards that were left unsealed on the underside remain undamaged, showcasing the remarkable durability of this natural wood material.
Three Years Later
After three years, we revisited this residence with NIGIRI siding, an Accoya® material that’s been charred and stained. The siding has impressively weathered without any signs of wear, and it has demanded no maintenance or cleaning. The most demanding aspect of the project was constructing the garage doors and exterior door. We had to mill the material according to the door specifications before relying on reSAWN TIMBER to finish it flawlessly.
Wood is one of the earth’s most renewable resources and has a low environmental impact compared to alternative building materials that are often used during the construction process. We believe if architects and builders want to provide clients with high-quality, sustainable building materials that will last over the lifespan of the structure, they must choose high-quality materials. We invest in quality, sustainably rich materials like Alaskan Yellow Cedar, so end users can rest assured that their cladding is going to last for many years to come. In this article, we will discuss the benefits of one of reSAWN TIMBER co.’s most specified product, WILLIWAW Alaskan Yellow Cedar (AYC).
Benefits of WILLIWAW
WILLIWAW features pre-weathered Alaskan Yellow Cedar that is sourced anywhere from Alaska to Oregon and is intended to provide a high-performing, natural material with a clean weathered aesthetic.
WILLIWAW can be used for interior or exterior wall cladding and is available in clear vertical grain. Clear vertical grain Alaskan yellow cedar contains few character marks.
WILLIWAW is durable, dimensionally stable, resistant to rot and insects, and has a light tan/gray, weathered look.
WILLIWAW can be treated to Class A Fire Rating for Interior Applications.
WILLIWAW is known for its ability to withstand harsh weather conditions, coupled with its aesthetic appeal, making it a favored choice for both functional and decorative applications in various architectural and design projects.
Each WILLIWAW product is meticulously crafted to showcase the natural characteristics of the wood, such as grain patterns, and color variations.
As a natural building material, wood cladding weathers inconsistently and can be unpredictable. WILLIWAW provides an exterior material with minimal aesthetic variation regardless of UV exposure.
WILLIWAW is designed to be versatile and can be used in both high-end residential and commercial settings.
The combination of expert craftsmanship, sustainable practices, and the inherent beauty of wood makes WILLIWAW a popular choice among designers, architects, and homeowners looking for exceptional wood products.
reSAWN’s Lumber Warehouse Featuring WILLIWAW- Day One
reSAWN’s Lumber Warehouse Featuring WILLIWAW- 2 Years Later
Why WILLIWAW?
reSAWN TIMBER co. offers a variety of Alaskan Yellow Cedar options that all contain the incredible benefits of this species. WILLIWAW not only has all of those benefits, but is loved for its natural variation, pre-weathered features, and low maintenance.
From afar, WILLIWAW exhibits a light beige color with gray undertones, making it unique looking in every kind of lighting. Its color compliments every environment it’s surrounded by whether it’s mountains or beaches, sun or snow, it provides a natural look as if it has always belonged there. The natural color variations in Alaskan Yellow Cedar wood are primarily due to the wood’s interaction with minerals found in the soil of its growing environment. As the tree absorbs water and nutrients from the soil, it also absorbs trace amounts of minerals present in the surrounding environment. These minerals can include iron, copper, manganese, and others, each imparting its own color properties to the wood. The mineral composition of the soil plays a crucial role in determining the color variation.
WILLIWAW is prefinished in plant-based, zero VOC finish, allowing it to accept and hold finishes with minimal aesthetic variation throughout its installation lifecycle. reSAWN’s products arrive at job sites prefinished to avoid minor mishaps that can occur on job sites like oversprays, streaks, drips, or lap marks. Drying racks that are used to hold wet cladding on a job site are costly and take up much-needed space. Prefinished wood materials like WILLIWAW are finished and dried in a controlled environment prior to arriving on a job site. With factory-finished products, they have already undergone quality control, inspection, and back coating to ensure the material is in perfect condition before it arrives at its destination.
WILLIWAW is offered in a clear vertical grade, meaning the growth rings are parallel to each other on the face or the board, and very light skips on the non-graded face. Architects and builders often seek out select grades because it has very few imperfections or character markings, making it look smooth and clean. Additionally, WILLIWAW is utilized for both interior and exterior purposes, making it versatile and flexible for all styles of design.
WILLIWAW is currently being installed on homes in different climatic zones across the country in South Carolina, Minnesota, California, Florida, and Canada. Below is the Red Mountain Residence in Aspen, Colorado on its way to completion.
AYC is a remarkable species that is located in the coastal regions of Alaska, British Columbia, and the Pacific Northwest of the United States. It is grown in climates that have mildly wet winters, and cool damp summers. This species is often found on higher elevations and thrives in diverse forest ecosystems.
Unfinished AYC exhibits a pale yellow to golden color, often with subtle streaks of reddish brown, which deepen and become richer with age and exposure to sunlight. In addition to its physical attributes, the species possess a pleasing aroma that emanates from the wood, which adds to its allure and sensory appeal. Its scent is often described as sweet, reminiscent of cedar and citrus.
At reSAWN, our Alaskan Yellow Cedar products like WILLIWAW are ideally suited for any interior and exterior project, including wall and ceiling cladding. With its versatility, comes many remarkable benefits.
Durability– AYC has exceptional resistance to decay, rot, fungi, and insect damage. Due to their natural extractives such as Thujaplicans and Phenolics, they act as a defense mechanism for decay-causing organisms and pests. The natural oils also act as a natural barrier against moisture, helping to repel water. This contributes to the long lifecycle of the wood.
Strength– The low density and compact characteristics of the species make it more resistant to wear, impact, checks, and twists. Additionally, its straight grain pattern contributes to the strength of the wood. The fibers in AYC run parallel to the board’s length, providing structural integrity, making it less susceptible to shrink, and enabling it to withstand various environmental and structural stresses.
Insulation– The species’ tightly packed fibers and low density allow the wood to be thermally insulated.
Fire Resistant– When exposed to fire, AYC tends to have a slower burn rate. It releases heat at a slower pace and retains its structure for a longer period. reSAWN’s AYC has a Flame Spread Index of 40 and a Smoke Developed Index of 140, giving it a Class B Rating.
The building industry continues to produce unsustainable materials to mimic the aesthetic of wood and advertise them as sustainable products. However, some contain toxic chemicals, are unethically manufactured, and have a short lifespan because it is less expensive to do so. Additionally, their life cycle produces a mass of carbon emissions whereas products like WILLIWAW act as a carbon sink, absorbing carbon from the atmosphere.
At reSAWN TIMBER co., we bear the responsibility to become mindful educators, while nurturing and preserving earth’s ecosystems, cherishing its biodiversity, and embracing sustainable practices. We provide sustainably sourced products that will look beautiful on day one and continue to weather as nature takes over, with little to no aesthetic maintenance needed. This leaves more time to enjoy the product and less time to maintain it.
What does it truly mean to be an environmentally conscious wood manufacturer? In an industry that runs on nonrenewable, disposable resources beyond what is necessary, healthy, or sustainable, we choose to change the narrative. At reSAWN TIMBER co., we research, study, and observe every product we sell to not only protect our planet, but future generations. We carefully craft quality products that are durable and sustainably sourced to keep our promise to nature and end-users.
There is a reason why WILLIWAW Alaskan Yellow Cedar continues to be one of our most specified products. It is durable, dimensionally stable, rot and insect resistant, versatile, and exceptional at withstanding all weather conditions. Architects and builders continue to choose WILLIWAW for their projects because it promises to keep a home aesthetically beautiful and safe for years to come.
Want to see how WILLIWAW will look on your next project? WILLIWAW samples are available for architects and designers at no cost and shipped via UPS Ground. Click on the button to get started.
Humans have always connected deeply with nature because we evolved in natural environments. For thousands of years, we have lived in close proximity to nature, relying on it for survival. Our brains and bodies evolved to function in these natural environments, and as a result, we have an innate connection to nature that has persisted throughout human history. Even as we have become more urbanized and modernized, our connection with nature has remained strong because it is ingrained in our biology and psychology.
According to several authoritative studies (Workplaces: Wellness+Wood=Productivity), (Wood: Nature Inspired Design), and (Why Do We Feel Better With Wood?) exposure to natural products like wood creates similar health benefits to those created by spending time in nature. Incorporating natural materials such as real wood cladding and flooring into a built environment helps reduce blood pressure, heart rates, and stress levels while improving well-being, creativity, cognitive abilities, and the air we breathe. The concept of biophilia was introduced in the 1980s to highlight the importance of our connection to nature and the potential benefits that can be gained from it.
Synthetic building materials often recreate the look of wood because wood is a popular and traditional building material that has been used for centuries. Wood’s warm, natural look and feel is difficult to achieve with non-natural materials. By mimicking wood, manufacturers can create low-cost building materials with a similar appearance and texture to wood, but lacking the warmth, intrinsic qualities, and health benefits afforded by real wood materials.
The influence that wood has on the building materials market can be seen everywhere. reSAWN recently attended the 2023 International Builders’ Show (IBS), which is an annual trade show for the residential construction industry, hosted by the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB). The show featured exhibits and educational sessions focused on new products, innovative technologies, and industry trends related to home building and remodeling. The use of wood, wood influence, and the creation of wood-like aesthetics was prevalent throughout the show. Even companies that were not offering a wood product, utilized wood-like textures in their booths to highlight their product or service.
Vinyl Siding Made to Look Like Wood
Vinyl siding is a popular choice in the US for a wood-like look without the perceived maintenance. Vinyl can be made to look like different types of wood, including cedar, oak, and pine. It is also affordable and durable, making it a common choice for many projects. However, there are some potential downsides to using vinyl siding that need to be considered.
Vinyl siding is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a plastic material that is derived from petroleum – which is a non-renewable resource. The production of PVC and its disposal can result in toxic pollutants being released into the environment, including dioxins, which are known to be harmful to human health and the environment.
Energy-intensive manufacturing: The production of vinyl siding requires a significant amount of energy, mainly from non-renewable sources such as coal and natural gas, which contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change.
Limited recyclability: Vinyl siding is difficult to recycle, and it may end up in landfills where it can take hundreds of years to break down. This contributes to environmental pollution and wastes resources.
Installation and maintenance: The installation of vinyl siding requires the use of various chemicals and solvents, which can have negative environmental impacts. In addition, vinyl siding can crack or fade over time, requiring replacement, which leads to more waste.
Fiber Cement Made to Look Like Wood
Another material that mimics the look of wood is fiber cement. It’s a widely used building material that’s made from a mixture of cement, sand, and cellulose fibers. While it has many benefits, such as durability, fire resistance, and low maintenance, there are also significant environmental issues associated with its production and use.
Carbon emissions: The production of fiber cement involves high energy consumption and emits significant amounts of carbon dioxide, contributing to global warming.
Water use: The production of fiber cement requires a significant amount of water, which can put pressure on local water resources in areas where water is scarce.
Waste disposal: The production process generates a significant amount of waste, including cement dust, which can cause air pollution if not properly disposed of.
Toxicity: The production of fiber cement can result in the release of toxic chemicals, such as asbestos, silica, and formaldehyde, which can pose health risks to workers and nearby communities.
Transportation: Fiber cement is a heavy and bulky material that requires a lot of energy to transport, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions.
Composite Decking Made to Look Like Wood
Composite decking is a popular alternative to traditional wood decking because it is durable, and requires little maintenance. However, there are some environmental issues associated with composite decking that should be considered.
Manufacturing: The production process of composite decking involves the use of a variety of chemicals, including resins, wood fibers, and plastics. These chemicals can release harmful emissions into the air and water during production.
Disposal: Composite decking materials are not biodegradable and can take up valuable space in landfills if not properly recycled. Some composite decking materials contain hazardous chemicals, making them difficult to recycle or dispose of safely.
Non-renewable resources: Most composite decking is made from a combination of wood fibers and plastic, both of which are non-renewable resources. This means that the production of composite decking contributes to the depletion of these resources.
Maintenance: Although composite decking requires less maintenance than traditional wood decking, it still requires periodic cleaning with chemicals that can harm the environment. However, with the onset of modified woods like Accoya, there are now many maintenance-free options on the market.
Porcelain Tile Made to Look Like Wood
One of the newest materials to mimic wood is porcelain tile. Porcelain tile can be made to look like different types of wood, including oak, maple, and walnut. It is also very durable and water-resistant, making it a great choice for areas that experience moisture or high traffic.
Porcelain tile is generally considered an environmentally friendly flooring option, as it is made from natural materials such as clay and minerals, and can be recycled at the end of its life. However, there are some environmental issues associated with porcelain tiles that should be considered:
Energy consumption during production: The production of porcelain tile requires a significant amount of energy, which contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change.
Water usage during production: The production of porcelain tile requires large amounts of water, which can contribute to water scarcity and pollution.
Transportation emissions: Porcelain tile is often imported from overseas, which results in transportation emissions and contributes to climate change.
Waste generation: The installation of porcelain tiles can generate waste, including cut-off pieces and broken tiles, which can contribute to landfill waste.
Chemicals used in production: The production of porcelain tile may involve the use of chemicals such as glazes and sealants, which can be harmful to the environment if not properly managed.
When a single design is repeated over a large area, it can create a visual monotony that may appear repetitive.
Laminate Flooring Made to Look Like Wood
Laminate flooring that looks like wood is a popular choice for many homeowners and builders because it provides the appearance of hardwood flooring at a more affordable price. Laminate flooring is made from composite wood materials and is designed to mimic the look of hardwood planks, including the texture and grain patterns.
While laminate flooring has many advantages, there are some drawbacks to consider before choosing it for your home or building project.
Not as durable as hardwood: Although laminate flooring is more durable than some other types of flooring, it is not as durable as hardwood. Heavy furniture, high heels, and pet claws can all cause scratches and dents in laminate flooring.
Susceptible to water damage: Laminate flooring is made from a wood-based core, and as such, it can be damaged by excessive moisture or water exposure. Spills or leaks that are not cleaned up quickly can cause the planks to warp or buckle.
Can look artificial: While laminate flooring is designed to look like real wood, it is still an artificial product, and some people may find that it looks less authentic than hardwood flooring.
Difficult to repair: If a section of laminate flooring becomes damaged, it can be challenging to repair without replacing the entire plank or section of the floor. This can be costly and time-consuming.
Formaldehyde emissions: Formaldehyde is a chemical used in the adhesives and resins used to make laminate flooring, and it can be emitted into the air over time. Formaldehyde is a known carcinogen and can cause health problems, especially for those with respiratory issues. However, many laminate flooring manufacturers now use low-formaldehyde adhesives and resins to reduce the risk of emissions.
Sustainability of materials: The majority of laminate flooring is made from a core of high-density fiberboard (HDF) made from wood fibers, which can be derived from unsustainable sources such as old-growth forests. While some manufacturers use recycled or sustainably sourced wood fibers, others may not be as environmentally responsible.
Disposal: Laminate flooring cannot be easily recycled and may end up in landfills. When disposed of, it can release formaldehyde and other harmful chemicals into the environment. However, some companies have started recycling programs to reduce waste and environmental impact.
Short lifespan: Laminate flooring is generally not as durable or long-lasting as other flooring materials, such as hardwood. This means that it may need to be replaced more frequently, leading to more waste and environmental impact.
While laminate flooring is a popular and affordable option, it may not be the best choice for all situations. To mitigate the environmental issues associated with laminate flooring, consumers can look for products made from recycled or sustainably sourced materials, choose low-formaldehyde options, and properly dispose of old flooring. It is also important to select flooring that is durable and has a long lifespan to minimize waste and environmental impact.
Aluminum Made to Look Like Wood
There are some manufacturers that offer aluminum facade solutions for homeowners and commercial properties looking to achieve the look of wood. The aluminum products mimic the appearance of natural wood grains, knots, and textures.
While aluminum facades offer numerous advantages such as durability, flexibility, and low maintenance, there are also some disadvantages that should be considered, including:
Cost: Aluminum facades can be expensive compared to traditional wood cladding materials.
Corrosion: Aluminum is susceptible to corrosion if it is not properly treated or coated. Exposure to moisture and chemicals can lead to rust and discoloration, which can detract from the appearance of the building.
Thermal conductivity: Aluminum is a good conductor of heat, which can lead to energy loss in buildings. Additional insulation may be required to offset this problem.
Environmental concerns: The production of aluminum requires a significant amount of energy and generates greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, the extraction and processing of aluminum can have negative impacts on the environment.
Limited design options: While aluminum is a flexible material, there may be limitations to the design options available with this cladding material. Some architects and designers may prefer other materials for their aesthetic appeal or greater design flexibility.
Scratches and dents: Like all aluminum cladding materials, Knotwood is susceptible to scratches and dents, which can detract from its appearance.
Technological Updates in Wood
There have been many recent technological updates in the use of wood as a building material, which have made it more versatile, efficient, durable, and dimensionally stable.
Modified Wood Options
Various environmentally friendly chemical and heat treatments can be used to modify the properties of wood. For example, acetylation can make wood more durable and resistant to decay, while thermal modification can improve its stability and strength. This type of wood requires minimal upkeep to preserve its appearance and structural integrity over time. Low-maintenance modified wood products can be a great option for homeowners who want the beauty and warmth of wood without the hassle of regular maintenance. However, it’s important to choose the right type of wood for your specific application and to follow any recommended maintenance guidelines to ensure that your wood products last as long as possible.
Structural Analysis Software
Structural analysis software can simulate the performance of wood structures under different loads and conditions, allowing engineers and architects to optimize designs for strength, durability, and efficiency. This technology has led to the development of new building systems and techniques that use wood in innovative ways.
Sustainable Forestry Practices
Technology has made it possible to manage forests more sustainably, by using satellite imagery, remote sensing, and other tools to monitor forest health, track tree growth, and identify areas of concern. This technology has helped to reduce the environmental impact of harvesting wood while ensuring a steady supply of sustainably harvested timber for building and other uses.
Overall, technology has helped to make wood a more versatile, efficient, durable, and dimensionally stable building material, opening up new possibilities for architects, engineers, and builders to create innovative and sustainable structures. Moreover, wood has a natural warmth and character that is difficult to replicate with synthetic materials. While there are synthetic materials that can mimic the appearance of wood, they often fall short in terms of sustainability, texture, color variation, and overall aesthetic appeal.
Wood is one of the most mimicked building materials because of its adaptability, availability, and natural beauty. It can be shaped, cut, carved, and finished in a variety of ways, allowing it to be used for a wide range of applications, from furniture and flooring to building construction. In summary, while alternatives to natural wood products may have some advantages, they may not be able to fully replace the environmental and authenticity benefits that come with using natural wood. Plus due to technological updates in the use of wood as a building material, it is more versatile, efficient, durable, and sustainable than ever before.
A tree’s wood is also its memoir – Hope Jahren
Do you have questions about using real wood products in a specific application? We can help. Contact us below.
Thermal modification is a process that utilizes high heat to alter the dimensional composition of wood. The cellular structure is changed by applying heat without oxygen, which creates a controlled chemical reaction. The thermal modification process permanently modifies the cell walls of the wood and results in improved durability of the wood as well as increased dimensional stability.
Three Falls Residence – GRAPHITE Abodo Vulcan Cladding
The aim of modified wood is to overcome the shortcomings of standard timber. The modification process enhances the performance of the wood, resulting in improvements in the longevity of timbers – dimensional stability, decay resistance, reduced water absorption, less expansion/contraction, etc. In addition, since most advanced modification processes are environmentally friendly, the materials can still be disposed of properly at the end of the product life cycle.
Vancouver Residence – KOS Shou Sugi Ban Charred Kebony
What Are The Benefits of Using Thermally Modified Wood?
Durability: Wood becomes instantly more durable after being thermally modified. Water absorption in regular wood can cause warping, discoloration, and even the growth of bacteria or fungi. This is not an issue with thermally modified wood. Water cannot warp or deform it because the modification process naturally changes the cellular structure of the wood.
Aesthetics: Thermally modified wood has a beautiful, consistent chocolate-brown color from surface to core.
Sustainability: Solid wood building materials have a net-negative CO2 profile – better than any conventional building material. It requires less energy to create the finished product than other building materials such as concrete, metal, or plastic.
Environmentally Friendly: Many exterior wood products are treated with wood preservatives – some more toxic than others. The thermal modification process uses heat and steam to cure the wood. There are no harmful toxins or chemicals that are used in the process.
Corwith Residence – SVERTE Shou Sugi Ban Charred Kebony
Thermally Modified Wood Manufacturers
Abodo Thermally Modified Wood
Abodo wood is a great option for thermally modified wood that is durable and rapidly renewable. The timber has exceptional weatherability and maintains its durability and beauty for a lifetime.
Based in New Zealand, Abodo prides itself on producing a range of beautiful and durable thermally modified timber solutions that are safe, sustainable, and renewable. The company has a strong ethos around ensuring its timber is ethically sourced. From milling to building, they respect their material, the people who use it, and where it comes from. For every tree milled, Abodo ensures it provides more than 30 years of service, which is as long as it takes to grow a replacement tree.
Twin Gables ft. reSAWN TIMBER co. SiOO:X Abodo Vulcan Cladding
Benefits of Specifying Thermally Modified Abodo Vulcan Cladding
All Abodo wood is produced from well-managed sustainable sources including FSC® and other regionally certified woods. reSAWN TIMBER co. holds an FSC® Chain of Custody Certification, as well.
Abodo Vulcan cladding is virtually completely knot-free and has a Durability Class 1 Rating.
Patented glue lamination is used for a modern, clean vertical grain orientation. This provides superior weathering characteristics, greater stability, and less surface cracking. The wood ages with grace as it’s left to weather outdoors.
Outstanding dimensional stability results in less aesthetic maintenance and therefore less coating over the product’s lifetime.
Low carbon footprint: Abodo wood is an environmentally compatible substitute for carbon-intensive materials.
100% recyclable and reusable, naturally renewable.
Warranty: 15 years against fungal decay*.
Moisture content: Approx. 7% MC (+/- 2%) at the time of dispatch. It does not require acclimation prior to installation.
Glue: New generation polyurethane adhesive – VOC, solvent, and formaldehyde-free.
SFM 12-7A-1 – WUI Exterior Wall Siding and Sheathing.
Phase 1 – The kiln is slowly elevated in temperature until the moisture content of the wood is essentially zero %. The wood in the kiln is then heated further until it reaches the desired modification temperature – in most cases 230 degrees Celsius for outdoor end-use applications.
Phase 2 – The kiln is held at the modification temperature for a prescribed time to achieve full modification. This time is the critical point in the process.
Phase 3 – The kiln is allowed to cool, and the wood is reconditioned with steam (we bring the moisture content back to around 7%). Once cool enough the wood can be extracted from the kiln.
reSAWN TIMBER co. is proud to be the exclusive manufacturer and distributor of Abodo® thermally modified Vulcan cladding and decking products in the USA.
Kebony Modified Wood
Kebony is considered a dually-modified wood, which means it’s both chemically and thermally modified. That happens through their proprietary process called furfurylation. The Kebony technology modifies wood by forming stable, locked-in furan polymers in the wood cell walls. These increase the dimensional stability, as well as durability and hardness, of the wood. This process is based on impregnation with furfuryl alcohol produced from agricultural crop waste. Kebony thus uses a plant-derived waste product to give enhanced strength and durability to another plant product – namely wood.
Kebony Clear Decking
Kebony wood is safe since the wood does not splinter and doesn’t contain toxins or chemicals, nor does the wood get too hot in the summer. Furthermore, Kebony wood is resistant to rot and fungi, and other wood-destroying microorganisms in an above-ground context. Kebony is a low-maintenance material that does not require additional treatment beyond normal cleaning, thus, no oils or other impregnation solutions are needed.
Thermally Modified Red Oak
Thermally modified red oak is a popular option for locally sourced timber from the United States. In North America, red oak trees are prevalent and grow to a height of around 70 feet and a trunk diameter of 36″. Being the largest species group, it is highly sustainable.
While there are copious amounts of international building material manufacturers, local suppliers can offer benefits that overseas vendors cannot.
Carbon Footprint Reduction – Our relationship with our environment truly matters. Building materials that are locally sourced means shorter trips to haul, less greenhouse gas emissions, and less diesel fuel consumption.
Support Products Made in the USA – By specifying local materials, a product’s sustainability profile extends to extraction, manufacturing, and transportation practices.
Samples of our standard products and thermally modified wood offerings are available for architects and designers at no cost and shipped via UPS Ground. Click the button below to explore reSAWN’s complete product offering – sort by species, color, or application.
In this video & article, we discuss reSAWN’s Accoya modified wood offering which is prefinished with a waterborne exterior oil. Our one-coat (1C) and two-coat (2C) product offerings provide specifiers with the choice of a more saturated color if desired.
1C Option – Finished with 1 Coat
‘1C’ denotes Accoya wood that is prefinished with one coat of our proprietary exterior oil in the factory. There is no need to apply a second coat of finish post-install.
2C Option – Finished with 2 Coats
‘2C’ denotes Accoya wood that is prefinished with one coat of our proprietary exterior oil in the factory AND will require the installer to apply a second coat of finish post-install. This finish will be included on the sales order and shipped with the materials. Applying a second coat of finish post-install will further saturate the initial color of the cladding and extend the duration of the deeper color.
The video focuses on RAILAY 1C and RAILAY 2C, two of reSAWN’s Accoya wood products with a waterborne exterior oil.
Video Transcript:
Hi, I’m Diane with reSAWN TIMBER, and I’m here today to talk to you about several of our Accoya products that are available with 1C or 2C exterior finish. 1C indicates Accoya is prefinished with one of our exterior oils in the factory, and this does not require a second coat. 2C indicates Accoya is prefinished with one of our exterior oils in the factory, which will require a second coat onsite by the installer.
The big difference between 1C and 2C is the color saturation on day one and as it weathers over time. Applying a second coat of Accoya does enhance the initial color of the exterior cladding and it extends the life of that deeper color over time. However, if you choose not to apply that second coat of finish, that can be a cost savings for your project.
I’m here at the factory in Pennsylvania and we do testing of our own products outside on our weathering rigs. We test for aesthetics and performance. So here are two examples. This is RAILAY 1C and RAILAY 2C – these have been outside on our weathering rigs since September 2021. That is 10 months of accelerated weathering. It’s considered accelerated weathering because it’s on our rigs on a 45 degree angle facing due South.
reSAWN TIMBER co. Accelerated Weathering Rigs
So 10 months of accelerated weathering represents approximately 30 months on the job site. So you can see they are weathering a little bit differently, but yet they’re weathering beautifully. So as you have your project needs or requirements for exterior cladding and Accoya modified products, give us a call at reSAWN TIMBER and we’d be happy to help you out. Thanks!
RAILAY 1C – Day oneRAILAY 2C – Day one
What are the benefits of Accoya wood?
Performance: Tried and tested in the USA. Accoya wood is stable, water and rot-resistant, and comes with a warranty. Accoya wood is thoroughly tested and designed to perform with minimal movement (swell/shrink/distort). Accoya is indigestible by various insects, including termites, resulting in an effective barrier. With a 50-year above-ground and 25-year below-ground and freshwater warranty, Accoya wood can be specified with confidence and enjoyed for decades.
Finish: reSAWN’s carefully crafted Accoya products are thoroughly vetted and tested via reSAWN’s research and development processes to test the aesthetics and performance of the wood in addition to how it weathers. Materials will arrive on-site prefinished, with the option to apply a second coat if desired. Our proprietary finishing process combined with Accoya wood provides a beautiful, low-maintenance exterior siding option.
Sustainability: Sustainability is at the core of Accoya’s business and is part of the entire life cycle of the material, including sourcing, production, and recycling at the end of life. Accoya wood products are FSC® certified, have a low carbon footprint, and are non-toxic to people, pets, and the environment. Accoya wood is the only construction material to achieve Cradle to Cradle Platinum Certification™ for Material Health. Accoya wood siding specifications have a minimal environmental impact.
Sunset Hill featuring reSAWN TIMBER co. NIGIRI and YOSHIMI shou sugi ban charred Accoya
How is Accoya wood modified?
Accoya wood is modified through a process known as acetylation. Accoya takes radiata pine, a softwood, and subjects it to a vinegar known as acetic anhydride. Acetyls are naturally present in wood, and acetic anhydride enhances the hydroxyl groups, providing water-repelling characteristics. This process turns the softwood into a hardwood by preventing the cells in the wood from being able to absorb water. This vinegar is verified as non-toxic with Cradle to Cradle Certified Gold, scoring ‘Platinum’ for Material Health. This modification process gives Accoya its durability and rot and decay resistance.
Accoya wood accetylation process
Does Accoya wood require a lot of maintenance?
Not only is Accoya’s durability proven, but it has also been shown to retain its appearance, requiring much less frequent maintenance than other wood species. Since Accoya wood undergoes the acetylation modification process, it requires little to no maintenance. The modification process enhances the performance of Accoya wood, providing outstanding dimensional stability that results in lower maintenance frequency and therefore less coating over the lifetime of the product.
Accoya wood doesn’t require recoat maintenance. However, if the desire is to get back to that day one color, we do recommend a recoat for aesthetic purposes. Maintenance and recoating guidelines vary by product. Contact reSAWN TIMBER co. for product-specific information.
Samples of our Through Body Color Accoya products are available for architects and designers at no cost and shipped via UPS Ground. Click on the button below to order samples.
